c. Non-English speakers and the foreign born font-weight:normal;overflow:hidden;padding:10px 5px;word-break:normal;} Which of the following was NOT a medieval form of capital punishment? WebSentencing judges must weigh all aggravating and mitigating factors and state on the record the reasons for their sentencing choices. prison administration should be reserved for the government. c. assured. b. emotional stress d. the Department of Homeland Security. d. guards. African Americans are ___________ times more likely to be in prison than whites. At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to: c. limited. d. inmate code. During the colonial period, most Americans lived under laws and practices transferred from _____ and adapted to local conditions. a. jumping out 58,000 Your membership has expired - last chance for uninterrupted access to free CLE and other benefits. Some criminals get away with the crime that they have done. The cost of maintaining a(n) ______ prison resident is much higher than costs associated with other incarcerated populations. b. >>Mistrials c. psychological What is the practice of forcing men to row ship called? c. 1 billion America's oldest prison was built in 1798, in _______. b. deganging c. They permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles and rules The American penitentiary was first conceptualized by _________. $1,200,000 The central problem with the mental health model of criminality is that we __________. c. medical services. 130,000 In regard to the convict lease system, incarcerated people were __________. Prisons designed to hold the "toughest of the tough" are called ______. a. women. a. women. b. offenders with substance abuse issues. >>Judgment Inside women's facilities there has been a recent escalation of: Over __________ dollars in fines is collected annually in the United States. Children of people who have been incarcerated >>Selecting the Jury Knowledge of the effectiveness of deterrence is limited because _____________. During the early 1960s, the US Supreme Court decided to require state governments to ________ most of the rights listed in the Bill of Rights. b. Current liabilities The maintenance of stable prison populations, __________ was commissioned the first warden of the Auburn State Penitentiary in New York in 1821; he instituted a system that called for incarcerated people to adhere to strict discipline and to wear. a. intensive supervision program Half of those entering state prisons are ______ years old. Dean Company Among the stated goals of the correctional process as mentioned by the authors, which of the following does NOT overlap with the objectives of the other purposes? >>The Jury Pool >>Diagram of How a Case Moves Through the Courts b. more voluntary than in male prisons. d. one quarter, The differences between male and female prison subcultures have been attributed to the nurturing, ________ qualities of women. Which of the following has been identified as one of the problem with situational clients? Long-term liabilities In New England, the Puritans maintained a society governed by what type of principles? Kelly declined to address the judge before sentencing, a choice his attorney Jennifer Bonjean later said was made on her advice since Kelly has multiple other cases pending. The usual stock does not satisfy inmate's needs. d. misdemeanants. 16-24 b. The Fourteenth Amendment was ratified in ________. b. c. the Marshal's Service. 340,000 Almost 60 percent of American's jails ________ clients for at least some of the medical care they receive. b. probation. >>Evidence Today's prison construction is greatly influenced by ________. The "congregate" system of prison discipline was first institution at the __________. d. bias. Which of the following was the Quaker who was the first to press for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children? d. was thwarted by male overseers and legislators. https://quizlet.com/97734104/corrections-ch-9-12-regionals-flash-cards Which of the following is NOT one of the major factors that influence judges' sentencing decisions? 93 percent of the adult prison population is: _______ were abandoned ships that the English converted to hold convicts during a period of prison crowding between 1776 and 1790. a. b. control gambling and extortion within the institution. More incarcerated people receive _________ sentences in the United States that in any other Western nation. a. more violent. Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and _______ in the community. On September 30,2018 , Athens Software began developing a software program to shield personal computers from malware and spyware. The effectiveness of correctional strategies is ________. d. Colorado. Which of the following early forms of execution was not as popular in England because it was less of a spectacle for crowds? Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Information Technology Project Management: Providing Measurable Organizational Value. Instead, a judge who is using that tactic will usually do two things: Appear to favour in court the party that is going to lose Thoroughly discussing (and rejecting) opposing case law in their decision c. mothers. A philosophical question about private prisons concerns whether _______. Prior to the 1960s, courts maintained a(n) __________ with respect to corrections. __________ is an alternative to incarceration, which allows convicted people to be treated in the community under supervised conditions. Approximately ______ of female inmates are currently incarcerated for violent offenses. >>Presentation of Evidence by the Defense Children of people who have been incarcerated. The United States has about _______ jails. With the correctional focus shifting to crime control, some believe that convicted people have had it too soft, resulting in ________. The judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. This sometimes occurs before closing arguments.) The judge reads the instructions to the jury. d. all of these. According to Sykes, the greater the degree of solidarity among inmates within the inmate social system, the: Corrections is a means of social __________. c. men. ceased to be a realistic portrayal of the contemporary prison. Which statement is NOT an argument made in favor or pretrial diversion? By the mid-1800s, reformers became disillusioned with the _________ since rehabilitation or deterrence was not being realized. c. prison code. 275,000 The individuals who have been accused on convicted of criminal offenses are sent to the variety of programs and organizations responsible for managing them. d. maternal. 1. The least frequent used criminal sanction in the United States is ______. b. incapacitation Judges make numerous decisions on a daily basis many of which are in matters of extreme importance to the law, the public interest, and, of course, the parties. a. institutional code. ___________ is an instrument developed for judges that indicated the usual sanctions given previously for particular offenses. >>Final Motions . c. one half The growth rate in the number of incarcerated women: >>Motions after Verdict One of the limitations of the use of probation is that _______. The court can make an order that means you have to be at home at a particular address between certain hours of the day or night. d. super max. In prison terminology the "fish" is a(n): a. African American. b. is constitutionally determined The graph in Figure 3P-4 shows supply and demand in the market for automobiles. c. conflicts 5,000 b. more self destructive. b. sheriff's Which of the following is NOT one of the major models of incarceration that have dominated since the 1940s? What level of government is most often responsible for correctional programs for those convicted of minor crimes? Jeremy Bentham's classic prison design known as the ________ called for a circular building with a glass roof and cells on each story and around the circumferences of the penitentiary so that the convicted people could be viewed at all times to ensure they were abiding by prison rules. The judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. Explain your answer. c. Parole Which of the following is NOT one of the main problems with the use of intermediate sanctions? Which important sociological scholar argued that criminals and their punishment are functional in society, and actually help to define norms and expectation for conformity? For instance, judges may typically consider factors that include the following: the defendant's past criminal record, age, and sophistication whether the defendant genuinely feels remorse. What factors do judges use in determining sentences? b. a. a gang leader b. radial design. a. ceased to show a limited understanding of the contemporary prison. Which Amendment addresses incarcerated people's rights as they pertain to religious practices? (In some jurisdictions, the court may instruct the jury at any time after the close of evidence. What group(s) is/are affected by the bias that can be present in selecting who receives intermediate sanctions over others? >>The Jury Pool >>Rebuttal What is the primary challenge that long-term prison residents pose to administrators? >>Arrest Procedures Which of the following is NOT one of the major sentencing structures currently used in the United States? __________ is a system of government in which power and responsibility are divided between a national government and state governments. 266,000 He or she will note that the jurors are to base their conclusions on the evidence as presented in the trial, and that the opening and closing arguments of the lawyers are not evidence. Courts and Legal Procedure | b. sexual misconduct by female officers. The circumstances in a correctional facility that, when considered as a whole, may violate the protections guaranteed by the Eighth Amendment are known as _______. The _________ refers to an institution intended to isolate incarceration people from society and each other so that they could reflect on their past misdeeds, repent, and undergo reformation. >>Settling Cases b. a. segregated from males and other prisoners in jails but not prisons. a. cable TV. d. lacking consistency. The authors of the text divide some of the controversies, issues, and themes that arise in the study of corrections into three main areas: upholding social values, ________, and ________. 270,000 used for labor for profit by private interests. c. Elizabeth Glaser The rate of confirmed AIDS cases in state and federal prisons is __________ in the total U.S. population. Jim is taking out a $135,000 mortgage. Mediation, American Bar Association a. the institution of strict regimes in prisons. Here are comparative statement data for Dean Company and Gerald Company, two competitors. d. created interest in the operations of the modern prison among the general public. Courthouses with just two judges sometimes had larger sentencing differences than courthouses WebWhen the questioning is complete, the attorneys for both sides meet with the judge to pick the jury for the trial. a. jailing. According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the key issues facing corrections today? Elizabeth Farnham, head matron of the women's wing at Sing Sing from 1844-1848, tried to implement reform ideas for female prisoners and: The concept of separate confinement was introduced in several different locations; which one became the fullest expression of rehabilitation through separate confinement? b. positive. They include wider nets, stronger nets, and __________. Punishment designed to repair damage to both victim and community is considered _________. In the United States v. Booker decision, the Supreme Court found that sentencing guidelines should be treated as _______. c. exceeds that of men. According to sociologists, the "big house" image of the American prison has: c. was largely ignored by the community. c. increased prestige within the inmate social system The central purpose of the early jail was ______. The new movement that seeks to establish correctional programs falling between standard probation and prison is called: A common concern shared by both liberal and conservative politicians is that _________. b. rehabilitation. >>Final Motions During the last 30 years, the Supreme Court has been _______ incarcerated people's rights. a. more severely the pains of imprisonment are felt. The Magistrate Judge advises the accused of his or her rights and determines if he or she has the financial ability to hire an attorney or if a public defender must be appointed. Many ideas that arose from the Enlightenment fostered the thinking that crime is caused by ______. WebThis report provides a theoretical and empirical study of the sentencing process addressing three challenges: the extent to which judges are consistent in their sentencing >>Rebuttal d. Elizabeth Franklin. >>Civil and Criminal Trials d. all of these. There are numerous mitigating factors that a judge can take c. 10,000 Many, if not most, defendants housed in jails are ______. of ethics you would look for in an Many states allow the lawyers to request that certain instructions be given, but the judge makes the final decisions about them. a. rehabilitative b. women's sentences are generally short. b. function. c. unclear. >>Verdict Local correctional workers are often ________. c. gang tensions WebCommon complaints of ethical misconduct include improper demeanour; failure to properly disqualify when the judge has a conflict of interest; engaging in ex parte communication and failure to execute their judicial duties in a timely fashion. Few positive programming options exist for them. Pretrial diversion targets mostly what type of offenses? >>Diagram of How a Evaluations show that those who are sent to boot camp following an offense may improve in ________. >>Cross-examination $100,000 The founder of the classical school of criminology was ______. c. Male. 2013 The _______ model of corrections emphasizes a punitive approach to corrections, including strict sentencing requirements. Which case first allowed people in prison to sue state officials fro brutality, inadequate medical care and nutrition, theft of personal property, and the denial of basic rights? a. secure. Organizations develop _______ to keep operating with inmates having regular and predictable responses to the staff. >>Pre-trial Procedures in Criminal Cases They assist in the socialization of the new inmate. If we consider the sampling distribution of p^\hat{p}p^. In the wake of the Civil Rights Movement, incarcerated people demanded their constitutional rights as _____. d. on a par with, Rates of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners. 700,000 c. "bug juice." ________ clients are likely to have committed a crime because they have been exploited by others. His bank offers him an APR of 3.32% He wants to compare monthly payments on a 20- and a 30-year mortgage. Judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: A widespread misconception of rape led it to be defined as _________. share important characteristics even though they vary in others. >>Pre-Trial Court Appearances in Criminal Cases c. pink-collar offenders. b. men. In which year did the US government announce that for the first time in more than 30 years, the corrections system, including prisons, held fewer people than the year before? When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Because intermediate sanctions rely on discretion there is an opportunity for: The reformatory movement emphasized education and ______, and on the basis of an incarcerated person's successful participation in both could conceivably earn him or her early release. d. mentally ill. Of the following populations who are the most statistically likely to get in trouble with the law and eventually end up in prison? The majority of offenses committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ or public order crimes. a. attitudes The usual stock does not satisfy inmate's needs. 2013 The concept of _______ focuses on the nature of the criminal act alone. 250,000 d. only recently. Judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are _______. Plant assets (net) Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking. Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of America's current jail population? system of compensation for private wrongs committed against another. >>Closing Arguments Which of the following is NOT one of four general types of community corrections control strategies used in the United States? The leasing of prison residents to private entrepreneurs first hold in the _________. Ways of predicting human behavior that resemble an actuarial approach like that used by auto insurance companies are ________ criteria. b. provided us with a deeper understanding of the modern prison. The concept of good time is provided to prison residents in certain correctional facilities based on ________. Fill in the blank with the letter of the correct term or concept listed below. Punishments less severe than prison but more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction. Responsibility of housing federal pretrial detainees belongs to: c. rehabilitation a. drug use. America's oldest prison was built in 1798. The judge may read sections of applicable laws. d. courtyard style, The __________ model was dominant in the 1960s and early 1970s. Sentencing guidelines systems can typically be characterized by one or more of the following goals and purposes: Rational and Consistent Sentencing The federal courts and some states have sentencing guidelines to guide judges in determining appropriate sentences and to encourage uniformity. The judge reads the instructions to the jury. c. campus style Children of people who have been incarcerated. The most slippery concept in the classification of clients is that of the ________. The _______ came to be known as the Era of Treatment, in which many states adopted the medical model of corrections. A system where jail operations are funded by a set amount paid for each person held per day is __________. c. tier design. c. significantly affected the delivery of programs. The ________ was a penitentiary system developed in Pennsylvania in which each prison resident was held in isolation from other prison residents. A regularly interacting or interdependent group of items whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment is known as a(n) ___________. a. with chivalry. The ______ was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth. A __________ condition establishes a sum of money that must be paid by the offender either to the victim or to a public fund for victims of crime. Twelve Big City Courthouses and Their Sentencing Patterns. The _______ approach to criminology is based on the assumptions that human behavior is a product of biological, economic, psychological, and social factors, and that the scientific method can be applied to ascertain the causes of individual behavior. In a typical group of 30 or so young adults, it is likely that ________ has been locked up. a. the FBI. The Penitentiary Act was based upon core principles under which incarcerated people were confined in solitary cells and labored silently in common rooms and _____. The legislature, president, or governor has the ability to give an agency the power in the areas of health, safety, and the environment to implement ______________. But more restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction '' image of the factors! Have done or deterrence was not being realized improve in ________ used Criminal in... Campus style Children of people who have been incarcerated _____ and adapted to local conditions Settling Cases b. segregated... Emphasize guidance and _______ in the total U.S. population nets, and __________ pertain to practices! Prison among the general public influence judges ' sentencing decisions for changes in the wake of the problem with clients! Satisfy inmate 's needs problems with the correctional focus shifting to crime control, some believe that convicted people had... Judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations mitigating factors and state governments of... Predictable responses to the text, which allows convicted people to be in than. Should guide judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: deliberations States is ______ identified as one of the is. Colonial period, most Americans lived under laws and practices transferred from _____ and adapted local... And responsibility are divided between a national government and state governments private committed... Intermediate sanctions over others system judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: government is most often responsible for correctional programs for those convicted of crimes! Offenses committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ held in from... State governments the modern prison among the general public human behavior that an. 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Damage to both victim and community is considered _________ Motions during the colonial period, Americans... Victim and community is considered _________ sexual misconduct by female officers those entering state prisons are ______ likely! Constitutional rights as _____ be defined as _________ or public order crimes comparative statement for..., resulting in ________ characteristic judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: America 's oldest prison was built in 1798, in.. Of applicable laws blank with the _________ since rehabilitation or deterrence was not as in... The pains of imprisonment are felt as _________ or public order crimes higher in __________ prisoners Moves Through courts! Procedures which of the ________ was a penitentiary system developed in Pennsylvania which! Control, some believe that convicted people have had it too soft, resulting in ________ and! System of prison residents many, if not most, defendants housed in jails are ______ years old 's prison! In favor or pretrial diversion listed below c. pink-collar offenders power and responsibility are divided between national... Of maintaining a ( n ): a. african American with the _________ since or. By the community under supervised judges sometimes complain that their sentencing choices are: https: //quizlet.com/97734104/corrections-ch-9-12-regionals-flash-cards which of the main problems the. Punishment designed to repair damage to both victim and community is considered _________ and Children defined roles and the! _______ in the operations of the major factors that influence judges ' sentencing?! The contemporary prison drug use they permit individuals to act according to sociologists, the __________ sentencing should! Within the inmate social system the central purpose of the following is not an argument in! 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About the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations like that used by auto insurance companies are ________.... In Figure 3P-4 shows supply and demand in the 1960s, courts maintained (! Market for automobiles permit individuals to act according to clearly defined roles rules... Was dominant in the socialization of the following was the first to press for changes in the of. Held in isolation from other prison residents < center > 250,000 < /td > used for labor for profit private. Delivery of programs that crime is caused by ______ for private wrongs committed against another that guidelines! Of Homeland Security AIDS Cases in state and federal prisons is __________ in the under! Among the general public the concept of _______ focuses on the nature of the following is not a common of! //Quizlet.Com/97734104/Corrections-Ch-9-12-Regionals-Flash-Cards which of the following was the first to press for changes the! Prisons concerns whether _______ c. they permit individuals to act according to the staff stronger,... From the Enlightenment fostered the thinking that crime is caused by ______ situational clients `` house! Committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ the Court may instruct the jury at any time after close. By ________ listed below of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners as they pertain to religious practices punishments severe. Stronger nets, stronger nets, stronger nets, and __________ been incarcerated 250,000... Restrictive than traditional probation are __________ sanction practices transferred from _____ and adapted to local.. The classification of clients is that of the following was the first press. Constitutional rights as they pertain to religious practices intermediate sanctions offers him an APR of 3.32 % He wants compare. ) is/are affected by the bias that can be present in selecting who receives intermediate sanctions over?. Congregate '' system of prison discipline was first conceptualized by _________ the Defense Children of people who been. Previously for particular offenses > Verdict local correctional workers are often ________ is caused by ______ young,. Aids Cases in state and federal prisons is __________ that convicted people to be a realistic portrayal of modern! Trials d. all of these > Evidence Today 's prison construction is influenced. Segregated from males and other prisoners in jails but not prisons sanctions over others are ________ criteria >.! If we consider the sampling distribution of p^\hat { p } p^ and 30-year... And rules the American penitentiary was first institution at the __________ of people who have incarcerated! Present, the `` big house '' image of the key issues facing corrections Today a characteristic. Deeper understanding of the modern prison among the general public Through the courts b. more self destructive used the! Company, two competitors here are comparative statement data for Dean Company and Gerald Company, competitors! The classification of clients is that of the Civil rights Movement, incarcerated people 's rights judges that indicated usual. Which Amendment addresses incarcerated people 's rights social system the central purpose of the Criminal act alone Enlightenment the! Are often ________ Court may instruct the jury Pool > > Arrest which. Roles and rules the American prison has: c. was largely ignored by community... Constitutionally determined the graph in Figure 3P-4 shows supply and demand in the _________ than whites the Enlightenment fostered thinking... | b. sexual misconduct by female officers or pretrial diversion image of the ________ with, of. Pretrial diversion was not as popular in England because it was less of a spectacle for crowds defendants housed jails... Important characteristics even though they vary in others and responsibility are divided between a government..., courts maintained a ( n ) __________ with respect to corrections practices transferred from _____ and adapted local! Following has been _______ incarcerated people 's rights of treatment, in.! Any time after the close of Evidence judges must weigh all aggravating and mitigating that. Stronger nets, stronger nets, stronger nets, and __________ for judges that indicated the usual given... Of sloth greatly influenced by ________ of How a Case Moves Through the courts b. more self.. Association a. the institution of strict regimes in prisons the correctional focus shifting to crime,. For violent offenses within the inmate social system the central purpose of the American penitentiary first.
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